2017年，在国际工程市场需求总体萎缩、国际贸易主义抬头的严峻形势下，对外承包工程企业围绕“一带一路”倡议加大市场投入，增强开拓力度，整体业务规模稳步攀升，实现完成营业额1686亿美元，同比增长5.8%，新签合同额2653亿美元，同比增长8.7%。行业企业「走出去」积极性不断提升，队伍逐步扩大，不少企业将促进海外业务发展上升到公司战略层面，积极进行业务转型升级，有效实现了业务发展，国际影响力得到了不断提升。

2017年行业发展特点

一、从市场分布来看，业务加速向“一带一路”沿线国家集中

2017年，行业企业在“一带一路”沿线国家市场新签合同额1443亿美元，占同期新签合同额的54.4%，完成营业额855亿美元，占同期总额的50.7%，主要合作领域涉及互联互通和基础设施建设、产能合作、能源、产业园区等。

1. 亚洲市场业务增势喜人，新签合同额占比达到历史新高，达54.2%。在东南亚、南亚市场业务实现较快增长，马来西亚、印尼、巴基斯坦、孟加拉等四个市场新签合同额超过100亿美元，业务主要集中在交通、房建、通讯工程、工业建设、废水（物）处理等领域。
2. 非洲市场业务总体规模下滑。新签合同额和完成营业额均同比下降，新签合同额占比下降至29%，为2011年以来最低。受国际大宗商品价格低迷、部分非洲国家财政收入下降、建设资金匮乏等不利影响，行业企业普遍反映在非洲市场业务开拓和经营难度加大，仅在东非、西非市场实现业务增长，投建营一体化、产能合作和资源开发成为业务增长点。
3. 拉美市场业务表现低迷，下滑加速，新签合同额占比仅有6%。企业在委内瑞拉、阿根廷、厄瓜多尔等市场业务下滑明显，在玻利维亚、巴拿马、墨西哥等市场开拓初显成效，企业积极开展并购，探索通过投资参与交通运输建设、电力、水利等领域项目。

此外，2017年，中国企业在欧洲市场业务实现较快增长，中东欧地区签约多个合作项目；在美、澳市场通过投资并购、探索新模式和新业务等途径，逐步扩大了业务规模。

二、从业务领域看，交通运输建设、房屋建筑、能源电力、工业建设等领域业务呈现出较好发展态势

1. 交通运输建设业务实现较好增长。2017年，企业在铁路、公路桥梁和港口建设等互联互通领域业务得到快速发展，新签合同额达716亿美元，较上年增长近三成，包括新签马来西亚东部沿海铁路项目等大型项目。
2. 房屋建筑领域业务稳步增长。企业在巩固安哥拉、马来西亚、香港、阿尔及利亚等市场的同时，在印尼、韩国、新西兰、俄罗斯等市场签约综合类房建项目，尤其是在超高层建筑施工方面优势突出，签约增幅较大，房建项目超越电力项目排位第二。
3. 电力工程依旧是业务热点。虽然2017年火电站和水电站建设业务增量有所下降，但清洁能源呈现较好发展前景，风力发电和太阳能电站建设业务也取得较大突破，业务规模和市场分布得到进一步扩展。输变电作为实现电力互联的重要基础设施，迎来了较好的发展，中国企业在全球能源互联网络建设的参与度逐步提升。

此外，行业企业在工业建设、环保工程等领域业务大幅增长，但在石油化工、通讯工程、水利建设等领域业务出现了不同程度的下降。

三、大型综合性项目日益增多

2017年，企业新签合同额10亿美元以上的项目共41个，较上年增加8个，其中中国交建签约的马来西亚东部海岸铁路项目和中国建筑签约的印尼美加达卫星新城项目，合同额均超过100亿美元。合同额1亿美元和5000万美元以上的项目数量也逐年增加。

四、业务转型升级和模式创新不断取得新进展

行业企业围绕“一带一路”倡议和国际产能合作，探索向高端市场和高端业务的转移，积极推动发展模式的转型升级，集成技术储备、运营管理、资源整合等综合优势，积极在电力、交通设施建设、资源开发等领域推进投资、建设和运营一体化建设，开展BOT/PPP等业务模式，扩展业务空间。部分企业在巴基斯坦、老挝、印尼、巴西等市场以投资方式开发建设一批电力项目；部分企业充分整合资源优势，参与整体区域规划和综合开发，如中国港湾开发建设斯里兰卡科伦坡港口城综合项目。中国交建、三峡集团、中国电建等企业积极通过兼并收购和战略投资等手段，布局国际市场，优化业务结构，取得了积极成效。

五、企业积极参与国际产能合作和境外经贸合作区建设

行业企业充分发挥全球网络优势，对接国内国际产能合作发展要求，积极参与境外经贸合作区、农业、资源和建材等领域的项目投资开发，不仅弥补了当地产业空白，提升了所在国的经济发展能力，还带动了国内钢铁、有色、建材、化工、工程机械等越来越多的行业「走出去」，同时为自身业务发展提供了新的增长点。

2018年行业发展展望

总体来看，对外承包工程行业正处于难得的历史发展机遇期。

一是，国际基础设施投资建设始终是拉动世界经济增长和各国经济发展的重要因素，发展中国家弥补基建缺口、发达国家基础设施更新改造的刚性需求旺盛。公路、铁路、港口、机场等互联互通基础设施，电力网络和清洁能源，水利建设、房屋建筑、市政等民生工程建设在相当长的一段时间内仍将是各国建设的重点。

二是，“一带一路”倡议将推动沿线国家加强基础设施互联互通建设，这些建设需求将不断转化成为具体的合作项目。“一带一路”框架下的国际经贸合作将进一步增强，行业企业在“一带一路”倡议的引领下将实现更大的业务发展。

三是，政府改革对外承包工程行业管理制度，采用备案管理，加强事中事后监督，强调行业自律；改革企业境外所得税收抵免政策，减轻企业税务负担；对外推动自贸区和双边投资协定谈判等，为我企业营造了更良好的政策环境。

在看到行业发展机遇的同时，行业发展仍然面临一些压力和挑战。目前企业在国际市场所面临的外部竞争不断加剧，安全风险、经济风险、政治风险等各类风险问题仍然突出；国际市场对于承包商国际资源整合和综合集成能力的要求不断提高，各国对于国际承包商参与基础设施项目投资的期待也越多越高。行业企业对于新模式业务探索仍然处于起步阶段，同质化竞争问题依然突出，经营管理等综合竞争力仍有待进一步提升。

可持续发展的建议

如何抓住行业历史发展机遇，迎接挑战，实现行业业务的可持续健康发展，行业企业可积极考虑如下四个发展建议。

一是，行业企业应从战略上高度重视海外业务，提升企业综合竞争实力。根据企业的自身特点和优势，分析发展机遇，制定海外业务发展的战略规划，做好重点市场、业务领域、发展方向的选择；实现差异化发展，避免低层次、同质化的竞争；及时了解行业管理的要求，利用好相关的信贷、金融、税务、人才发展等支持政策；提升风险管理和防控水平；增强国际资源的配置能力和国际人才队伍储备；提升属地化经营质量和水平，逐步树立企业的良好形象。

二是，积极探索「投建营一体化」等新业务模式，尽快实现业务转型升级。行业企业要积极转变发展思路，积极对接所在国发展战略和规划，创新产融合作，探讨开展BOT/PPP等投建营一体化模式业务，加强大型综合类项目的策划运作，探索小比例参股、直接投资、兼并收购等多种方式，提升业务层次，扩展业务盈利空间。

三是，注重通过采用新技术来提升业务能力和管理水平。利用新技术改进项目规划、设计和建设流程，提高基础设施运营效率。

四是，注重合规和诚信经营，适应各国监管机构及国际机构对企业合规经营的新要求和加大执法力度的新形势，防范相应风险。

本文以商务部对外劳务合作业务统计数据为依据，从国家（地区）、行业、企业三个维度对2017年1-11月中国劳务合作业务情况进行分析，供会员企业了解行业情况，未经授权不得转载或镜像。

请按此阅览原文。

Preparing for widespread growth

Rapid growth in energy demand across Asia is seeing LNG become the fuel of choice. Driven by expanding populations, rising standards of living, and sprawling urbanisation, demand will only keep growing. With LNG production and transportation at an all-time high, Asia is seeing new opportunities for both land-based import terminals as well as floating storage and regasification facilities.

This trend is set to keep on going, with energy growth predictions for Asia much higher than the rest of the world. Japan and Korea have long relied on LNG for energy security and power generation, but we’re now seeing a change across Asia. China, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam and Bangladesh have followed suit with the recent introduction of gas into their import markets and are helping to drive demand across the region. As demand increases, new ways of bringing large-scale power generation online quickly needs to be found to meet these needs.

Renewables will have an increasing role to play in this future market. However, Asia's need for large-scale generating capacity is immediate. LNG comes at a scale and development rate not currently possible with renewables, coal or nuclear; coal-fired plants take up to ten years to go from plan to operation and nuclear can take up to 20 years.

The natural choice

LNG lends itself well to particular geographies. Indonesia is the fourth most populated country in the world, with people spread out across numerous islands and demand for energy rising rapidly (the per capita consumption of electricity in Indonesia is expected to rise by over 25% from 2015 to 2020). How can one provide power efficiently across a country like this? Regional LNG import facilities linked to gas-to-power stations provide an ideal solution and where distances are short, pipelines from receiving terminals to other gas-to-power stations located close to population clusters make sense. Against this backdrop, it’s no surprise that many companies are looking at installing LNG import facilities.

The future of FSRUs

As LNG becomes the fuel of choice across Asia, the region is seeing a change in the way gas is transported and stored. Until recently, the traditional approach has been to use land-based terminals. However, floating systems have become more popular over the last decade. Their price relative to land-based systems has come down and they can also be implemented much faster than land based terminals for those facing immediate demands.

Identifying a site for a land-based terminal, obtaining permits and approvals, then constructing the facilities all takes time – easily five years or more. Compare this to bringing a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) to a port. With minimal engineering work you can create a suitable environment for mooring the FSRU and connecting it to shore with a pipeline. This is cheaper and, more importantly, much quicker.

Floating terminals offer other benefits, such as secure and flexible operations – especially in areas where local politics and the potential for future gas development are less certain. They are, by their nature, easy to relocate to other opportunities. There is innovation in land-based storage too. New, cost-effective solutions for land-based storage that allow for future expansion have been developed to serve smaller facilities. These include the cost-effective modular single-containment tanks that Arup are also developing for small to mid-sized applications.

Diverse opportunities

While LNG-to-power remains the most significant demand in the Asia region, there are other applications for LNG hubs – such as break bulking and bunkering. Singapore is looking to set itself up as a regional hub for LNG trading using on-shore receiving tanks. By breaking down large shipments, the hub can benefit from economies of scale in supply while charging a premium to the regional users for smaller loads.

“There are certainly challenges on the horizon for the LNG market in Asia. The supply of LNG carriers for transportation, or conversion to floating storage, is limited – as is the supply of shipbuilding companies. But for the moment there remains plenty of potential for FSRU growth.” - Richard Mortimer, Arup East Asia LNG Leader

Market challenges

Overall, it is new markets – such as the Philippines and Indonesia – that will fuel future growth in LNG. Growth in traditional markets such as Japan has been stagnant but as more regional LNG import facilities are constructed and commissioned in the Asia region, this increased demand will start to counteract the short-term surplus currently affecting the market.

That leaves the question of how to secure long-term demand. Instead of simply supplying LNG, we’re seeing producers work with partners to build a receiving terminal or FSRU together with an onshore gas-to-power plant that will then provide them with decades of demand for their LNG.

Global investments from Asia

Whatever the challenges, there are undoubtedly exciting opportunities for LNG in Asia today. Not least is the chance the region has to lead the world in LNG. We’re already supporting LNG projects globally from Asia and expect this trend to continue as investment reaches an all-time high.

By Richard Mortimer, Arup East Asia LNG Leader. View the original article at https://www.arup.com/perspectives/themes/energy/the-future-of-lng-in-asia

A straw poll of work colleagues will quickly confirm that few know the geographical location of Djibouti despite it being a strategically key port on the busiest shipping route in the world. The Belt and Road Initiative will have a transformational effect on a place known as the Crossroads Nation.

The highly distinctive and recognisable Aedas strategic master plan for Djibouti will reinvigorate the city and encourage the growth in trade of capital, goods and services through the whole of East Africa.

The strategic military bases within the city make it very secure. Its political stability is an additional asset. Its people incredibly polite and always smiling and the potential for growth is huge. Already its telecommunications system ranks among the best in Africa.

The strategic master plan is a progressive and sustainable model for regeneration that not only looks to the future but also draws from the rich heritage and culture of the city and the country. The astonishing cultural diversity of Djibouti, apparent in its historic French Colonial Quarter and Arabic houses, informs the urban grain and scale of the masterplan and ties the new into the historic fabric.

There is a danger with a master plan proposal of this scale is that the historic context and diversity is lost amongst the delivery of a skyline of high-rise towers and reflective glass. It is better to create a master plan that has been informed by the special nature of the place and so works with it.

The development is on the key peninsula site of Djibouti and will deliver not only a new and vibrant waterfront, but create a series of distinct places within a sustainable environment, offering leisure and tourist facilities, commercial office space, cultural and residential quarters and a focus for new foreign investment to the city and so the wider country. The master plan focus is not about buildings alone but is equally about space and places for the population to gather and connect. It has a new cultural heart which creates a public venue and focus for a new chapter in Djibouti’s history.

The recently completed railway connections and the planned airport upgrades will sit alongside the new port and cruise terminals ensuring that a full range of transport infrastructure facilities will be in place to deliver the sustained economic regeneration of the wider Aedas master plan. The huge benefits of the industrial parks and modern farms will ensure goods and services are able to be presented, traded and moved out from Djibouti, by various routes.

Catering for local and international investors and manufacturers, the master plan recognises culture and national identity as key to the success of the new opportunity, with revitalisation an ongoing process, which involves public participation as well as private investment. In addition the key principles of public space and landscape themes are in evidence throughout the masterplanning guidelines and will create the distinctive places Aedas has set out to deliver.

信用保险项下项目融资业务是指我公司中长期保险和投资保险项下融资，针对的是出口买方信贷项目和出口卖方信贷项目以及海外投资项目，它适用于大型工程承包、机电成套设备出口及海外投资企业的融资。我公司通过对银行贷款提供风险保障支持银行满足相关企业项目融资需求或通过赔款转让协议将银行对相关企业的融资风险提供保障。

一、出口卖方信贷保险项下融资

是我公司提供的一类政策性保险产品，它以扩大我国出口、保障企业收汇为目的，对因政治风险或商业风险引起的出口方在商务合同项下应收的延付款损失承担赔偿责任。经我公司同意，出口方在将保单项下的赔偿权益转让给贷款银行，可以向银行申请融资。如进口方未按商务合同规定偿还到期款项致使出口方无法获得货款归还银行贷款时，我公司根据《赔款权益转让协议》将应支付给出口方的赔款直接支付给银行。

操作流程：

（一）我公司根据出口商投保申请，办理正式承保手续。

（二）我公司与出口商共同选择适合的融资银行，三方就投保卖方信贷保险后办理贸易融资达成一致后，签订《赔款权益转让协议》；

（三）客户凭保单、《保险单生效通知书》到银行申请融资。

二、投资保险项下融资

为投资者因遭受承保风险而发生的损失提供经济补偿，维护投资者和融资银行权益，避免其因投融资损失而发生财务危机或坏账。投资者或融资银行也将因此锁定风险，从而降低风险准备金和提高资金使用率。投资者投保投资保险后，可以大幅提升投资的安全性，解除银行对高风险业务的顾虑，从而获得优惠信贷支持。同时，我公司积极参与国际资本市场，与众多国际金融机构保持密切联系，可以提供多渠道、多元化的融资支持服务。

操作流程：

（一）投资者向我公司投保投资保险。

（二）我公司收取保险费后，出具保险单及《投资保险保单生效通知书》。

（三）投资者如需融资，向我公司提交《投资保险赔款转让授权书》，我公司收到上述文件后，向投资者出具《投资保险赔款转让确认书》。

（四）投资者持保险单、《投资保险保单生效通知书》、《投资保险赔款转让授权书》、《投资保险赔款转让确认书》及银行要求的其他文件向银行申请融资。

（五）但当发生保险事故时，我公司根据《投资保险赔款转让授权书》，将应付给投资者的赔款直接支付给银行。

三、买方信贷保险项下融资

是指在买方信贷融资方式下，我公司向贷款银行提供还款风险保障的一种政策性保险产品。在买方信贷保险中，贷款银行是被保险人。在发生保险责任范围内的损失时，被保险人按规定的格式向我公司提交《可能损失通知书》，在保险等待期满后，被保险人可向我公司正式提赔， 我公司将根据核定的实际损失金额和赔偿比例，将赔款直接支付给银行。

操作流程：

（一）投保人应在商务合同正式签订前询保，填写《出口买方信贷保险询保单》，并按《申报材料清单》提供有关的资料。

（二）我公司出具《兴趣函》。为支持出口企业竞争项目，对于商务和融资条件尚未明确的投标或议标项目，如基本符合承保条件，我公司可以应投保人要求出具《出口买方信贷保险兴趣函》。

（三）我公司出具意向书。对于符合受理条件、项目情况明确、资料齐全的项目，应投保人要求，可以出具《出口买方信贷保险承保意向书》

（四）项目条件最终确定后，投保人填写《出口买方信贷保险投保单》，并补充相应的资料。

（五）我公司提出承保方案，确定《保险单明细表》的内容。承保方案批准后承保人出具《保险费通知书》，投保人交纳保险费。

（六）在我公司收到全部或分期交费条件下第一笔保险费后，出具《保险单生效通知书》，保险责任期开始。

四、再融资保险

主要是对银行买断企业应收账款后，银行作为债权人对付款人的收款风险提供保障，支持银行对有融资需求企业进行融资。

操作流程：

（一）企业与银行就应收账款转让事宜基本达成一致意见后，由融资银行提出再融资保险业务的书面申请并提供相关文件。

（二）我公司对应收账款付款人审批信用限额，收取保险费。

（三）融资银行根据我公司批复的付款人信用限额对买入的企业应收账款提供融资服务。

（四）当发生保险责任范围内的损失时，融资银行按规定的格式向我公司提交《可能损失通知书》，在保险等待期满后，被保险人可向我公司正式提赔， 我公司将根据核定的实际损失金额和赔偿比例，将赔款直接支付给银行。